How do men and women differ in alcohol metabolism?

The difference in alcohol metabolism between men and women primarily hinges on physiological factors such as body composition, enzyme levels, and hormonal influences. On average, women metabolize alcohol slower than men due to several reasons.

Firstly, women generally have a higher percentage of body fat and a lower percentage of water compared to men. Because alcohol is water-soluble and less soluble in fat, this difference means that the concentration of alcohol in a woman’s bloodstream can be higher than in a man’s when both consume the same amount of alcohol. This leads to a slower elimination of alcohol from the bloodstream.

Additionally, men typically have higher levels of the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase, which aids in the metabolism of alcohol in the liver. Women usually have lower levels of this enzyme, resulting in a slower metabolic rate for alcohol.

Understanding these physiological differences is crucial for assessing how alcohol affects individuals differently and underscores the importance of tailored approaches to alcohol consumption and its associated risks for men and women.